CALVARIA MEDICAL JOURNAL

Studi Literatur : Analisis Peranan Tingkat Pengetahuan Wanita Usia Subur Tentang Kanker Serviks Terhadap Tindakan Pap Smear

2024-06-28T05:04:11+00:00

Introduction: Cervical cancer is a type of malignant tumor characterized by the appearance of abnormal cells in the cervix. According to WHO data, Indonesia has the highest number of cervical cancer patients in the world. One of the efforts to reduce the high incidence of cervical cancer is early prevention. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge of women of childbearing age about cervical cancer and the act of pap smear examination. Method: The research method used is a literature study and analyzed through the results of research that has been done before and has been published in the form of scientific journals and other official sources. Result: The literature review show that (100%) of the journals reviewed showed a sig value < 0,05. Conclusion: The result of the literature study research on journals that examine the relationship between the level of knowledge of women of childbearing age about cervical cancer with pap smear examination actions can be concluded that all journals mention there is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge of women of childbearing age about cervical cancer with pap smear examination actions.

The Relationship between comorbidities and the high mortality rate of Covid 19 patients at Kepatihan Health Centre, Gresik

2024-06-29T10:36:27+00:00

Background: The Covid-19 pandemic has a broad impact on health and society, comorbidities or comorbidities can be a risk factor for covid-19 infection and can worsen the condition of people who have been infected with COVID-19. Aim: The purpose of this study is the relationship between comorbidities and the high mortality rate of Covid-19 patients at the Kepatihan Health Centre, Gresik in 2019-2021. Methods: This study used a cross sectional analytical observational research design, the population in this study were people in the Kepatihan Gresik Health Centre working area who had Covid-19 in 2019-2021, totalling 809 people. Calculated using the slovin formula with a simple random sampling technique, so that the sample size was 75 respondents. The study used secondary data and the analysis used was the chi square test.. Result: The results showed that most of the respondents in this study were respondents with Covid 19 patient deaths having comorbidities, namely 43 respondents or 57.3%, most of the respondents in this study were respondents with no hypertension, namely 55 respondents or 73%, most of the respondents in this study were respondents with no DM, namely 51 respondents or 68%, and most of the respondents in this study were respondents with no Asthma, namely 63 respondents or 84% The conclusion of the study is that there is a relationship between comorbidities and the high mortality rate of Covid-19 patients at Kepatihan Health Centre, Gresik in 2019-2021 because it has a p-value <0.05. Conclusion: Based on the results of the research and discussion in the chapter, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM), and asthma with cases of death due to Covid-19 at the Gresik District Health Center in 2019-2021.

Risk Factors of Age and Gender with Hypertension Incidence at Paradise Clinic Surabaya October 2023

2024-06-30T19:43:39+00:00

One of the current health problems is hypertension, this involves an increase in blood pressure above normal. Blood pressure above 140/90 mmHg indicates that the systolic pressure when the heart pumps blood throughout the body is 140 mmHg and the diastolic pressure when the heart relaxes is 90 mmHg. This research uses a secondary data collection method for patients with hypertension seeking treatment at the Paradise Clinic in Surabaya in 2023, with a total sampling of 49 hypertensive patients. Data were analyzed using bivariate analysis tests, and then chi-square tests. The results of the research on age and hypertension obtained a P-value of 0.008, there was a relationship between the variables tested and based on gender and hypertension, the P-value of 0.075 was greater than 0.05, so there was no relationship. The research conclusion is that there is an influence of age risk factors on hypertension, and there are more men aged under 45 to 55 years than women and gender risk factors have no effect on the incidence of hypertension.

Pengaruh Vitamin A terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Perkembangan Anak Balita untuk Intervensi Stunting

2024-06-24T11:12:13+00:00

Latar Belakang: Stunting masih menjadi salah satu permasalahan tumbuh kembang anak di dunia karena angka kejadiannya masih tinggi. Pada tahun 2022 sebanyak 148,1 juta jiwa anak balita di dunia menderita stunting, dimana 76,6 juta di antaranya ada di Asia, termasuk Indonesia. Salah satu intervensi yang dilakukan untuk menangani stunting adalah melalui suplementasi vitamin A yang merupakan salah satu mikronutrien terpenting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh vitamin A terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak balita, terkait suplementasi vitamin A dalam upaya intervensi stunting terhadap anak balita. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan suatu kajian pustaka, menggunakan metode literature review atau studi literatur. Artikel ilmiah dicari menggunakan kata kunci sesuai topik penelitian, diseleksi yang sesuai tujuan penelitian, dan diterbitkan dalam 10 tahun terakhir. Artikel-artikel tersebut kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif dan ditarik kesimpulan. Hasil: Sejumlah 23 artikel memberi kesimpulan adanya pengaruh positif vitamin A terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak balita, sedangkan 2 artikel lainnya menarik kesimpulan bahwa vitamin A tidak berpengaruh terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak balita. Kesimpulan: Vitamin A berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan dan perkembangan anak balita, dengan demikian suplementasi vitamin A dapat menjadi alternatif intervensi dalam upaya intervensi stunting.

Studi Literatur : Efektivitas Antivirus Cidofovir pada Pasien Cacar Monyet dengan Gejala Berat

2024-06-27T05:15:31+00:00

Background: Monkey pox is an infectious disease caused by viruses of the family Poxviridae, genus Orthopoxvirus, which can infect humans, vertebrates and arthropods. Symptoms of monkey pox include increased body temperature, headache, muscle aches, weakness, swollen lymph nodes in the neck, armpits and groin, and skin rashes. Giving antivirals is very effective in treating monkey pox infections caused by the monkey pox virus. Cidofovir is an antiviral that is given intravenously, for the treatment of monkey pox patients. The effectiveness of cidofovir in cases of monkeypox in humans is still uncertain. However, this drug has been shown to fight poxviruses in in vitro and animal studies. Based on this background, researchers are interested in conducting research on "Effectiveness of the Antiviral Cidofovir in Monkeypox Patients with Severe Symptoms". Method: This research is descriptive qualitative research with library research. Search for articles in this literature review using the 2010-2022 database with keywords according to the topic. After getting the reference sources, they were filtered until they got 25 journals consisting of 15 international journals, 10 national journals, and 2 textbooks. Result: The results of a literature study in 11 research journals were found to show the effectiveness of the antiviral cidofovir in monkey pox patients with severe symptoms, with recovery between 14-21 days at the fastest and between 35-52 days at the longest. Conclusion: The antiviral cidofovir is effective for treating monkeypox with severe symptoms. Apart from that, it was also found that the cure rate for monkey pox patients treated with cidofovir reached 57% -85% depending on the severity of the disease.

Peran Nutrasetikal dalam Mitigasi Inflamasi Kronis: Tinjauan Pustaka

2024-06-26T02:56:45+00:00

Pendahuluan: Inflamasi kronis adalah respon biologis kompleks terhadap stimulus berbahaya seperti patogen, sel rusak, dan iritan, yang berperan penting dalam penyakit kronis. Tujuan: Tinjauan pustaka ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bukti ilmiah terkini mengenai mekanisme anti-inflamasi nutrasetikal dan potensi dalam mitigasi inflamasi kronis. Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan menggunakan PubMed, Scopus, dan Google Scholar, dengan fokus pada kata kunci seperti "nutrasetikal," "inflamasi kronis," "mekanisme anti-inflamasi," "kurkumin," "omega 3," "resveratrol," "quercetin," dan "jahe (Zingiber officinale)." Artikel yang dipilih meliputi penelitian asli, tinjauan pustaka, dan meta-analisis yang dipublikasikan dalam 10 tahun terakhir, terutama pada mekanisme kerja anti-inflamasi senyawa nutrasetikal pada. Hasil: Nutrasetikal seperti kurkumin, asam lemak omega-3, resveratrol, quercetin, dan jahe menunjukkan efek anti-inflamasi yang signifikan dengan menghambat jalur pro-inflamasi, mengurangi stres oksidatif, dan menurunkan produksi sitokin pro-inflamasi. Kurkumin menghambat enzim COX-2 dan iNOS serta menekan aktivasi NF-κB. Asam lemak omega-3 menghambat produksi eikosanoid dan memodulasi faktor transkripsi. Resveratrol menghambat aktivasi NF-κB dan mempengaruhi mikrobiota usus. Quercetin menghambat enzim COX-2 dan LOX serta memodulasi fungsi sel sel imun. Jahe mengandung senyawa bioaktif yang menghambat COX-2 dan iNOS, mengurangi stres oksidatif, dan menekan aktivasi NF-κB. Kesimpulan: Nutrasetikal menunjukkan potensi yang menjanjikan dalam mitigasi inflamasi kronis melalui berbagai mekanisme. Penelitian lebih lanjut diperlukan untuk memperjelas mekanisme molekuler dan mengembangkan pedoman klinis untuk penggunaannya.

The Relationship Between Stress and The Incidence of Acne Vulgaris in Adolescents: Study Literature

2024-06-25T05:17:48+00:00

Background: Acne vulgaris appears because it is triggered by one of the factors being psychological stress or existing acne vulgaris which will get worse. This research aims to determine the relationship between stress and the incidence of acne vulgaris in adolescents. Methods: The research method used is literature study, which is analyzed based on the results of previous research that have been published in scientific journals and other research sources. Result: From this literature study, all 10 journals reviewed (100%) showed a significant relationship which proved to be a correlation between stress levels and the emergence of acne vulgaris in teenagers. Plus, there are other factors that have been found to trigger acne vulgaris. The correlation from this research is related to the level of stress and the emergence of acne vulgaris. Thus, the higher a person experiences a level of stress, the more likely it is that acne vulgaris will appear. Conclusion: Conclusions obtained from research in all journals that provide studies on the relationship between stress levels are proven to be related to the emergence of acne vulgaris that appears in adolescents, and these variables are significantly related.

Analysis of Adverse Drug Reactions and Risk Factors in Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Patients: Literature Review

2024-01-17T03:58:11+00:00

Introduction: Tuberculosis patients must adhere to a six-month uninterrupted course of medication. The DOTS method is crucial in preventing resistance to anti-TB drugs, which can lead to stronger MDR-TB strains resistant to rifampicin and isoniazid. ADRs from these drugs include gastrointestinal disturbances, hepatotoxicity, dermatological and serious neurological disorders, prompting patients to discontinue treatment. Non-adherence can hinder tuberculosis recovery as patients tend to stop treatment. Patient compliance is pivotal in their decision to continue treatment. Therefore, further research is needed to explore the relationship between ADRs to anti-TB drugs and risk factors in active MDR-TB patients. Method: This qualitative study conducted a literature review using databases from 2014 to 2023 and keywords relevant to the study's title. Fifteen relevant journals were identified, comprising 11 international and 4 national journals. Results: The literature review found that the most influential factors in adverse drug reactions to OAT in outpatient MDR-TB patients were treatment history and medication adherence. Regarding individual factors such as age and gender, most journals indicated they are not significant risk factors for MDR-TB. Conclusion: Based on the literature review, it can be concluded that the most dominant factors affecting adverse drug reactions to OAT in outpatient MDR-TB patients are treatment history and medication adherence. As for individual factors like age and gender, nearly all journals indicate they are not significant risk factors for MDR-TB.

Systematic Literature Study of Alcohol Consumption on Chronic Liver Disease

2024-01-21T05:24:21+00:00

Introduction: Health issues occur worldwide, including chronic liver diseases, which are often caused by alcohol consumption. Excessive alcohol intake can lead to liver diseases, alcoholic hepatitis, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), fibrosis, and cirrhosis. This literature review aims to analyze the extent of the relationship between alcohol consumption and the occurrence of chronic liver diseases. The study uses a literature review method, collecting information related to alcohol consumption and chronic liver disease events. The data are then analyzed descriptively, drawing from national and international journals from the past ten years, as well as textbooks. Results: Alcohol consumption can increase the risk of liver cirrhosis by up to 10.23 times, 3.43 times for liver cancer (HCC), and 3.88 times for hepatitis. The highest mortality risk (HR) for fatty liver occurs in both men and women with alcohol consumption ≥70g/day. Conclusion: This literature study indicates a significant association between alcohol consumption and an increased risk of liver cirrhosis and liver cancer.

Differences of the Strength of the Musculus Antebrachii in Medical Students 2021 and Security Workers Wijaya Kusuma University Surabaya

2024-06-28T16:39:04+00:00

Introduction: Muscle strength in the extremities, especially in the upper part, is an organ that is very dominant in daily exercise, namely the hands, arms and also the antebrachial muscles in the upper and lower arms. One of the problems that often occurs is problems with the muscles, such as injuries due to frequent daily activities. Method: The aim is to find out the relationshipDifferences in Antebrachi Musculus Strength in 2021 Class A Students and Security Guard Workers at the Faculty of Medicine, Wijaya Kusuma University, Surabaya. Methodresearch with an observational analysis method where the research uses cross sectional research, namely collecting research sample data which is carried out in one experiment after which the results are collected and data processing continues. Results: The data that has been collected fulfills the criteria requirements, namely 30 samples, after which the data is entered into the SPSS 26 application. Based on the results of this research, the calculated t is 3.616 which is smaller than (0.05). Conclusion: The results of this research indicate that there is a significant relationship between the strength of the antebrachial muscles in 2021 Class A students and security guard workers at the Faculty of Medicine, Wijaya Kusuma University, Surabaya.